BEHAVIOURISTIC IN THE NOVEL THE CALL OF THE WILD BY JACK LONDON

Abstract

This study aimed to discover the types of behavior of The Call of The Wild characters and also what impacts could affect human behavior towards animals in The Call of The Wild Novel. In this research the writer applied descriptive qualitative method through the theory of B. F Skinner. Data were obtained by using the techniques of reading, noting and analyzing. Meanwhile, in classifying the data, the writer use the behavioral psychology theory of Skinner. The results of the study showed that there were two types of behavioristic, namely operant conditioning and classical conditioning so that positive and negative reinforcement processes are formed in The Call of The Wild novel. Besides that, there were each character with a different personality that influences the dog‟s behavior so that the impact was that the dog (Buck as a dog) experienced changes in behavior when with different owners and these changes occurred depending on the surrounding environment.