Energy Management Model for Air Conditioning Energy Conservation in Hotel Buildings of Makassar City, Indonesia

Abstract

Energy conservation in air conditioning systems in hotel buildings is to reduce energy consumption and environmental impacts. The purpose of this research is to analyze the energy conservation model applied in the air conditioning system in hotel buildings through energy conservation studies, energy-saving strategies, and management. The research used a quantitative method with a hotel case study approach in Makassar City, South Sulawesi Province - Indonesia. The object of research is the building of Aryaduta Hotel and Aston Hotel Makassar. Field survey is conducted through measurement of internal and external heat load variables. Data analysis is based on energy consumption intensity (IKE), the amount of energy used (REI), building envelope, sun shading, and occupancy level. Data is processed with a parametric statistical approach, and then the building envelope is through the calculation of Overall Thermal Transfer Value (OTTV) according to SNI 6390: 2011, cooling load, and thermal comfort assessment Predicted Mean Vote (PMV), and predicted percentage of dissatisfied (PPD). The results showed that the modeling simulation results decreased in both research objects, namely Aryaduta Hotel, with a decrease in cooling load of 10% from the addition of 260 cm (-17.2%) and a percentage of occupancy energy gain of 16.53% at 30% occupancy load. Hotel Aston decreased the cooling load by 9% from the addition of 10 cm (-3.09%) and the percentage of occupancy energy gain was 3.13% at 30% occupancy load. Energy conservation tends to use intelligent automatic control systems, energy-efficient HVAC equipment, variations in building envelope settings, and ventilation. Through this research, the benefits obtained are the development of sustainable solutions that combine environmental aspects, comfort, and energy efficiency and are environmentally friendly in hot and humid tropical regions such as Indonesia.